Juiz instrutor como transplante jurídico: o processo penal finlandês do século XIX em perspectiva comparada

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22197/rbdpp.v7i2.614

Palavras-chave:

Juiz de instrução, Processo criminal, História do direito comparada.

Resumo

Depois de se difundir amplamente tanto na Europa quanto na América Latina no início do século XIX, a instituição do juiz instrutor começou gradualmente a perder importância durante a segunda metade do século XIX. Foi o que aconteceu tanto na França quanto na Alemanha. A principal razão para a perda de importância foi o desenvolvimento da criminalística, e a profissionalização da polícia criminal profissional e dos serviços de persecução. A função investigativa que, na esteira de uma antiga tradição inquisitorial, incumbia ao juiz instrutor no começo do século já não se encaixava no papel de um juiz. Em vez disso, fazia mais sentido confiar a investigação criminal a profissionais especializados. Quando os especialistas finlandeses em processo penal se empenharam na modernização do direito penal do país nos anos 1890, o juiz instrutor já não parecia uma boa ideia, de modo que não parecia razoável investir escassos recursos profissionais em uma instituição que estava perdendo importância. Em vez disso, os recursos seriam mais bem alocados em um corpo profissional de promotores públicos.

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Biografia do Autor

  • Heikki Pihlajamäki, University of Helsinki
    Heikki Pihlajamäki is Professor of Comparative Legal History at the University of Helsinki. He writes on the comparative history of procedural, commercial and colonial law. Pihlajamäki was recently appointed Academy Professor (Academy of Finland) for the period 2021-2026.

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Publicado

29.08.2021

Edição

Seção

DOSSIÊ: História do processo penal na modernidade

Como Citar

Pihlajamäki, H. (2021). Juiz instrutor como transplante jurídico: o processo penal finlandês do século XIX em perspectiva comparada. Revista Brasileira De Direito Processual Penal, 7(2), 935. https://doi.org/10.22197/rbdpp.v7i2.614