Crimes against the administration of justice before the International Criminal Court and the development of international criminal law in the face of witness tampering: case-law commentary on Bemba II
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22197/rbdpp.v8i3.661Keywords:
Witness manipulation, crimes against the administration of justice, International Criminal Court, Authorship and participation, Jean Pierre BembaAbstract
This article offers an analytical commentary on the case of Jean Pierre Bemba Gombo and others at the International Criminal Court (ICC) for crimes against the administration of justice and manipulation of witnesses, concluded in 2018 (Bemba II), and analyzes the developments of this important procedural opportunity for international criminal law and international justice, through the interpretation of various contents of Article 70 of the Rome Statute. The article focuses on two main questions; how crimes against the administration of justice affect witnesses before the ICC and how the experience in Bemba II can help the fight inside the ICC against witness tampering? Methodologically, in the first place, an analytical presentation of the facts of the case will be made, later on, the development of the applicable law on crimes against the administration of justice and the procedure in the Trial Chamber and the procedure in the Appeals Chamber will be discussed, following the analysis of the main elements of the decision to fix new penalties (re-sentencing), to conclude with the implications that this case has for the emerging jurisprudence of the ICC on issues as diverse as types of participation, impact on the process, effects of manipulation of witnesses in the victims, and in general, the new challenges that different behaviors of intimidation and tampering of witnesses present to international justice, the States that cooperate in it and international judges.Downloads
References
ABELLO-GALVIS, Ricardo.; ARÉVALO-RAMÍREZ, Walter. La inmunidad de las organizaciones internacionales y de sus funcionarios cuando son nacionales del Estado sede. Diferencias con la inmunidad diplomática y experiencias de la jurisprudencia internacional y colombiana. Anuario Mexicano de Derecho Internacional, Ciudad de México, pp. 295-337, 2021. https://doi.org/10.22201/iij.24487872e.2021.21.15595
AMBOS, Kai. Principle 19. Duties of States with Regard to the Administration of Justice. The United Nations Principles to Combat Impunity: A Commentary. Oxford, 2018, pp. 204-210.
AREVALO-RAMIREZ, Walter.; CARCANO-FERNÁNDEZ, Lucia. The ICC Proceedings On Bemba II. Tribunal penal internacional: análise jurisprudencial. Belo Horizonte: Arraes, 2021.
ROBALO, Teresa Lancry. A vítima de crimes e o Tribunal Penal Internacional: um modelo irrefutável para o legislador interno. Revista Brasileira de Direito Processual Penal, Porto Alegre, vol. 6, n. 3, p. 1417-1444, set./dez. 2020. https://doi.org/10.22197/rbdpp.v6i3.349
GARCIA-MATAMOROS, Laura (et al.). La perspectiva del Constitucionalismo Global. La función de la corte penal internacional: Visiones plurales desde una perspectiva interdisciplinar: Volumen Especial por el X Aniversario del Instituto Ibero-Americano de la Haya para la Paz, los Derechos Humanos y la Justicia Internacional. Valencia: Tirant lo Blanch, 2021.
KRZAN, Bartłomiej. Admissibility of evidence and international criminal justice. Revista Brasileira de Direito Processual Penal, Porto Alegre, vol. 7, n. 1, p. 161-188, jan./abr. 2021. https://doi.org/10.22197/rbdpp.v7i1.492
MBOKANI, Jacques. L’application de la responsabilité des supérieurs hiérarchiques aux rebelles dans l’affaire Bemba. Revue québécoise de droit international/Quebec Journal of International Law/Revista quebequense de derecho internacional, Quebec, v.2017. pp. 37-71, 2017. https://doi.org/10.7202/1056224ar
NGANE, Sylvia. Should States Bear the Responsibility of Imposing Sanctions on its Citizens who as Witnesses Commit Crimes before the ICC?. Exploring the Boundaries of International Criminal Justice, Londres, p. 129, 2013.
OLASOLO, Hector. Chapter Five. International Criminal Court and International Tribunals: Substantive and Procedural Aspects. The Legal Practice in International Law and European Community Law. The Hague: Brill Nijhoff,pp. 159-204, 2007 https://doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004154261.i-689.42
OSPINA, Maria Camila. CANTOR-CANOSA, Jannluck. Situación en África Central, caso del Fiscal contra Jean Pierre Bemba Gombo, Sentencia conforme al artículo 74 del ECPI, ICC-01/05-01/08, de 21 de marzo de 2016. Anuario Iberoamericano de Derecho Internacional Penal n.5, pp. 157-168, 2017. https://doi.org/10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/anidip/a.7150
PÉREZ-LEÓN-ACEVEDO, Juan Pablo. The Katanga Reparation Order at the International Criminal Court: Developing the Emerging Reparation Practice of the Court. Nordic Journal of Human Rights, Oslo, n.36.1, pp. 91-102, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1080/18918131.2018.1444122
SADAT, Leila Nadya. Prosecutor v. Jean-Pierre Bemba Gombo. American Journal of International Law, Washington, n.113.2, p. 353-361, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1017/ajil.2019.17
SCHIETTEKATTE, Sophie. Article 70 Proceedings at the ICC: In Pursuit of the Administration of (In) Justice? - Lessons from Bemba II. Lessons from Bemba II. Firenze: 2017. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2964244
VERA SÁNCHEZ, Juan Sebastián. ¿Por qué es importante que la Corte Penal Internacional condene más allá de toda duda razonable? Anuario Colombiano de Derecho Internacional, Bogotá, v.11, pp. 101-130, 2018. https://doi.org/10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/acdi/a.5421
VILLARREAL PALOS, Arturo. Sobre la definición y contenido del Derecho Internacional Penal y sus diferencias con el Derecho Penal Internacional. Derecho Global. Estudios sobre Derecho y Justicia, Guadalajara, n. 7.19, pp. 81-111, 2021 https://doi.org/10.32870/dgedj.v6i19.360
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Walter Arévalo-Ramírez
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
As of 2022, articles published in the RDPP are licensed under Creative Commons Atribuição 4.0 Internacional. rticles published until 2021 adopted the Creative Commons Atribuição-NãoComercial 4.0 Internacional.
How to Cite
