The ICC enters into the future: the digital-evidence revolution or evolution?

Hanna Kuczyńska

doi:10.22197/rbdpp.v10i3.1073

Autores

Hanna Kuczyńska Institute of Law Studies, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1446-2244

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22197/rbdpp.v10i3.1073

Palavras-chave:

tribunal penal internacional, projeto harmonia, provas digitais, regras de admissibilidade probatória

Resumo

As investigações sobre crimes internacionais graves devem levar em consideração o novo ambiente digital de coleta de provas. Não é possível conduzi-las baseando-se exclusivamente em meios analógicos em um mundo que se tornou digital tão rapidamente. O Tribunal Penal Internacional (TPI) participa ativamente da revolução digital na investigação de crimes graves, estabelecendo um novo modelo para lidar com a coleta, análise e gestão de provas digitais: o OTPLink e o Projeto Harmony. Neste artigo, primeiramente, será analisada a resposta do Gabinete do Procurador (OTP) ao ambiente digital de coleta de provas, onde o OTP decidiu utilizar algoritmos para gerenciar provas de forma eficaz. O caráter jurídico desses novos desenvolvimentos será analisado, bem como os perigos que eles apresentam para a avaliação de provas e o processo de apuração dos fatos. Nesta parte, será também necessário estabelecer se isso constitui, de fato, uma "revolução da IA". Além disso, a análise abordará a questão de saber se as ferramentas digitalizadas utilizadas pelo OTP cumprem todos os pré-requisitos no que diz respeito à credibilidade e autenticidade das provas digitais. Contudo, é necessário distinguir entre a jurisprudência das Câmaras, que se baseia na avaliação tradicional de fontes abertas e provas derivadas da internet, e a coleta e gestão de provas baseada em algoritmos revolucionados pelo OTP. Para esse fim, é preciso analisar a atitude adotada até o momento pelas Câmaras em relação à avaliação das provas digitais e ao uso dessas provas na apuração dos fatos. A questão central que precisa ser respondida é se a revolução está ocorrendo apenas no âmbito do OTP, enquanto as Câmaras apresentam uma atitude mais evolutiva.

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Biografia do Autor

Hanna Kuczyńska, Institute of Law Studies, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland

Dr hab., professor at the Institute of Law Studies of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw, Criminal Law Department.

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